THE CONCEPT OF ENVIROMENTAL POLLUTION

Different environment and climate scientists in a specific and precise definition of the scientific concept of environmental pollution, and whatever the definition, the scientific concept of environmental pollution is linked primarily to the ecosystem as the efficiency of this system is significantly reduced and become paralyzed when a change in the harmonic motion between the different elements of change is quantitative or qualitative that occurs on the installation of the components of this system leads to imbalance in this system, and here we find that environmental pollution working on adding an element does not exist in Ecosystem or it increases or reduces the presence of one of its components that would lead to the inability of the ecosystem to accept this which leads to a defect in this system. Multiple forms of pollution mainly linked to the various elements of the environment is air, water, soil. Causes of pollution in the most humane result of human activities occur daily, however, In addition, there are cases of contamination occur without direct human intervention and the product of some accidents and natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, and other.

Forms of environmental pollution.

Air pollution (air pollution)

Air pollution occurs when molecules or particles exist in the air and large quantities of organic or inorganic so could not enter the ecosystem and are harmful to the environmental elements. And air pollution is the most common forms of environmental pollution due to the ease of transmission and spread from region to region and time period is relatively short and the impact this type of pollution on human, animal and plant has a direct and devastating effects on environmental, health, economic and represented a clear influence on human health and low productivity, and efficiency that the impact goes to infect animals and different diseases and reduce the economic value, and the impact on plants is a clear and manifest primarily by low productivity of agricultural areas suffer from greater concentration of air pollutants in addition, there are indirect effects represented in influencing the global climate system as an increase in concentration Some gases such as carbon emissions by a ** lead to the entrapment of heat increases the temperature of the globe and the consequent natural and climatic changes may have serious consequences for the universe. Examples: noise, emissions from factories and automobile exhaust gas in addition to the first ** or by-product of carbon emitted from burning waste.


Water pollution (water pollution)

Hydrosphere represents more than 70% of the Earth's surface and the volume of the atmosphere about 296 million cubic miles of water. Hence the importance of water as it is a source of life on the Earth's surface should be maintained and preserved for the balance of the ecosystem, which is in itself the secret of the continuity of life. When we talk about water pollution from a scientific perspective, we intend to disrupt and damage water quality and its ecosystem so that the water is unsuitable for their main applications and unable to contain the particles and micro-organisms and waste different in its ecosystem. Thus begins this balance system dysfunction until he reaches a critical ecosystem, which begins with the adverse effects of running on the environment. Examples: pollution of rivers and lakes from the disposal of industrial waste water directly to them without any treatment in addition to the pollution of drinking water due to leakage in the distribution network or water pollution, depletion of groundwater due to wells or water contaminated by sewage. Land-based pollution (soil contamination) The pollution which affects the lithosphere and upper crust of the Earth, which is the first and basic loops of the ecosystem and is the basis of enduring mystery of life is no doubt that the huge increase in population that occurred in the past few years led to severe pressure on the environmental elements in this part of the ecosystem and drained many environmental elements as a result of the inability of man to maintain and protect it from deterioration Poor agricultural land use leads to low productivity and transform from a product to a non-biological product capacity up to zero. We find that the abuse of the rights of technology has led to the emergence of land-based pollution as the increased use of nitrogen fertilizers to compensate for the loss of soil fertility and pesticides to protect agricultural products from pests has led to soil pollution by chemical and biological degradation ability, and the further industrial and mining activity led to an increase of pollutants and waste Solid whether chemical or radioactive and some governments throwing the waste on the ground or buried in the ground in both cases the effect will be a clear and negative impact on human, animal and plant in the long term.

Examples: landfill waste in landfills is unhealthy in addition to the excessive use of chemical fertilizers that could harm the soil over the long term. Degrees of contamination Unacceptable pollution Are almost everywhere, what areas of the globe of the degree of pollution, where there is no environment is totally free from pollution due to the ease the transfer of various types of pollution from one place to another, whether by climatic factors or human. And pollution is unacceptable degree of pollution that is not affected by the balance of the ecosystem or be accompanied by any threats or major environmental problems.

Pollution risk Suffer many of the industrialized countries of the pollution risk and the resulting primarily from industrial activity and increased mining activity and to rely mainly on coal and oil as a source of energy. This phase is considered an advanced stage of pollution where the amount and quality of pollutants exceed the critical limit ecosystem, which started with the negative impact on the environmental components of natural and human resources. This phase calls for swift action to reduce negative impacts and is done by treatment of industrial pollution by using modern technological means such as the creation and processing units could reduce the pollutants to reach the limit allowed by the internationally or through the enactment of laws and regulations and taxes on factories that contribute to increased pollution. Devastating pollution Contamination is a destructive stage of the ecosystem has collapsed and is unable to give due to the different level of balance radically. Perhaps the Chernobyl accident that occurred in the nuclear reactors in the Soviet Union, the best example of the devastating pollution, as the ecosystem completely collapsed and needs to be for many years to restore his poise by human intervention and high economic cost and little appreciation for a group of environmental experts in the Soviet Union that the region of Chernobyl and surrounding areas needs to be about fifty years to re-Atzanha environmental and to allow the existence of a pattern of lifestyles. Ways to combat pollution Since the pollution lead to negative consequences and implications for large and wide may sometimes spanning generations and long periods of time, it is necessary to work to find effective solutions to address and halt the pollution particularly in its early stages as the treatment of pollution and its adverse effects becomes more difficult as time passes and aggravation.
Different ways to combat pollution and treatment depending on the form of pollution, for example the treatment of contaminated water are contaminated industrial waste water treatment plants, makes the establishment of the disposal of such water into rivers and lakes is not harmful.It should be noted that the increase of environmental awareness and application of laws that ensure the protection of elements of the environment from any contamination of the most important tools for combating pollution.