THERMAL INSULATION

Thermal insulation (Thermal insulation)

This refers to all systems and processes that condoms reduce the heat exchange between rooms with different temperature. Insulation in buildings design basis for Ahtwaouahararp inside buildings in cold countries, and prevent the entry of heat to warm the building in the country. This is done by using thermal insulation materials with insulating properties to help reduce leakage and heat transfer from outside to the inside of the building in summer, and inside to outside the Winter Can be divided into heat exchange between the building and outside to

the three types are:

• heat that penetrates the walls and ceilings.

• heat that penetrates the windows.

• heat transmitted through natural ventilation openings.

The quantity of heat that penetrates the walls and ceilings in the days of summer by 60 -70% and the rest comes from the windows and ventilation openings. Air-conditioning is working to reduce the temperature of the house or building occupants to feel comfortable and harmony. The proportion of energy Alkahrbaiipalmsthlkp in the summer to cool the building by about 66% of the full electric power. Hence the importance of thermal insulation to reduce consumption of electricity used for the purposes of air conditioning, so as to reduce the leakage of heat through the walls and ceilings to the inside and the achievement of adequate housing, employment and reduce costs.

The advantages of using thermal insulation :
1. Rationalization in the consumption of electric power, as experience has shown that the application of scientific use of thermal insulation in residential buildings, government facilities, commercial and industrial electric power reduces the rates up to 40%.

2. Maintain proper building temperature for a long time without having to run air conditioners for a long time.

3. Allows the use of air conditioners with a small capacity, and thus less energy costs and equipment used.

4. Raise the level of comfort for users of the building.

5. Reduces the use of air conditioning, which reduces the impact on psychological health and rights because of the noise resulting from the operation of such devices.

6. Thermal insulation works on the protection and safety of the building from weather changes and climate variability with a lower temperature difference resulting from high temperatures by the sun during the day, and the low temperature at night. And cause differences in the degree of high temperature between day and night in bringing stress to the walls of the building and other parts Kalnuaz deprives the natural and mechanical properties and could lead to cracks and cracks and fissures.

7. Lead to reduce the thickness of the concrete walls and ceilings to reduce the transmission of heat inside the building.

8. To provide the burden on the power plants and distribution networks.

The properties of thermal insulation materials

:Requires the selection of insulating material on knowledge of thermal properties and other characteristics Kamtsas water and usability of combustion, and durability.. Etc...

Thermal properties

Is the potential for thermal insulation, and this ability is measured usually by a factor of thermal conductivity, the smaller the coefficient of thermal conductivity the greater the resistance to heat transfer material and vice versa, is evident that the thermal resistance is inversely proportional with a coefficient of thermal conductivity. Is the heat transfer through the foam solid wire. It is noted that reflective materials are substances effective in thermal insulation of its high response to radiation and heat waves. And increase the capacity of these materials to increase the brightness of separation and refined, and are often integrated with foam walls and ceilings. To find the total resistance, thermal transmission should be gathered for the various layers of resistance, the wall or ceiling, including the resistance (permeability) aerobics class adjacent to the surfaces of internal and external. And collection of these resistors is just like a collection of electrical resistors, it can either be parallel or, respectively, and this depends on the subject of articles in the wall or ceiling. In addition to the mentioned properties of heat, there are other properties such as heat capacity and specific heat and coefficient of thermal expansion and proliferation, which required knowledge of each insulating material. Selection of appropriate thermal insulation material The most important factors influencing the selection of appropriate thermal insulation material as follows:

• that the foam with a low coefficient of thermal conductivity.

• must be a high degree of resistance to depletion of water permeability of radiation.

• must be a high degree of resistance to absorb water vapor.

• must be a high degree of resistance to the stresses resulting from large differences in temperature.

• be of good mechanical properties such as high resistance to compression factor and coefficient of resistance to fracture.

• be resistant to bacteria, mold, and fire, especially in places prone to fire easily.

• be fixed dimensions of the long-term with coefficient of thermal expansion shortly.

• be resistant to chemical reactions.

• not result in any adverse health effects.

Thermal insulation materials
Can be divided by thermal insulation material sources into four sections:

1. Insulating materials of animal origin: such as wool and animal hair, and is limited use as a buffer.

2. Insulating materials out of Jumada: glass wool, which is one of the best thermal insulation material.

3. Insulating materials Industrial: include rubber and plastic foam, and the latter is the most common and most used is the type of polystyrene foam Alboliorthyn. 4. Insulating materials of plant origin: include cellulosic fibers and materials such as sugar cane, cotton, and so on.

5. Insulating Materials Technology, Nano-technology: It is a liquid, paint on the surface of iron melt furnaces to reduce the emission of heat from them.

Types of insulation materials and their uses Can be no insulation on several images, namely:

1. Felt.

2. Grains filling infantile light.

3. Means of spray foam.

4. Foamy solid

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